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Nanda, Pramod Kumar
- A Cross-Sectional Study on Prevalence of Bovine Tuberculosis in Indian and Crossbred Cattle in Gangetic Delta Region of West Bengal, India
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Authors
Ratan Das
1,
Premanshu Dandapat
2,
Arijit Chakrabarty
2,
Pramod Kumar Nanda
2,
Samiran Bandyopadhyay
2,
Subhasish Bandyopadhyay
2
Affiliations
1 District Veterinary Hospital, Animal Resources Development Department, Government of Tripura, Ambassa, Dhalai, Tripura, IN
2 Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Kolkata - 700 037, West Bengal, IN
1 District Veterinary Hospital, Animal Resources Development Department, Government of Tripura, Ambassa, Dhalai, Tripura, IN
2 Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Kolkata - 700 037, West Bengal, IN
Source
International Journal of One Health, Vol 4 (2018), Pagination: 1-7Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of bovine tuberculosis (BTB), an old chronic disease having zoonotic potential, covering four districts in Gangetic delta region of West Bengal, India, and to find the prevalence in organized as well as backyard herds and variation in relation to their age, sex, and breeds.
Methods: The incidence of BTB in exotic and indigenous breeds of cattle (n=173) of various age groups was investigated employing tuberculin (single intradermal tuberculin and comparative cervical tuberculin) tests and gamma interferon assay. Further, milk samples (n=96) from milching animals and antemortem (n=519) samples (nasal swab, buccal swab, and aspirates from pre-scapular lymph nodes) were also screened employing bacteriological and molecular techniques.
Results: In total, 36 (25.4%) animals from organized and one (3.2%) from backyard farming sector were found positive to BTB. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of milk samples based on 16S rRNA amplified the 1030 bp band in four samples indicating them belonging to genus Mycobacterium. Species-specific primers used to differentiate between Mycobacterium bovis and M. tuberculosis confirmed the presence of M. bovis. Prevalence of BTB in exotic crossbred animals (34.6%) was significantly higher (p<0.001) compared to indigenous cattle (10.5%). Further, gender-wise analysis of data with respect to BTB revealed higher positivity (p<0.05) among cows/heifers (25.8%) compared to bulls/bullocks (7.3%). Although BTBpositive cattle were detected in all the age groups, no statistical difference (p=0.779) was found among them.
Conclusion: The findings indicate a higher prevalence of BTB in exotic crossbred animals in Gangetic delta and variation in breed susceptibility, thereby suggesting an urgent review of the present policy on adopting national crossbreeding program and implementation of “One Health” approach.
Keywords
Bovine Tuberculosis, Cattle, India, Prevalence, West Bengal.Full Text
References
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- Prevalence of Paratuberculosis in Organized and Unorganized Dairy Cattle Herds in West Bengal, India
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Materials and Methods: Four organized cattle farms with identical management practice in Nadia (n=3) and South 24 Parganas (n=1) districts and three unorganized cattle herds, one each from three districts, namely, Burdwan, North 24 Parganas, and Purba Midnapur, were selected randomly and screened for paratuberculosis by delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results: Of 191 animals tested by DTH, 57 (29.8%) were found to be positive in comparison to 72 (37.7%) by ELISA. In organized farms, seropositivity varied from 13.3% to 53.1%, whereas in unorganized sector, it ranged from 5% to 6.7% with one area having exceptionally high prevalence, i.e. 53.3%. The range of positivity detected by DTH both in organized farms and backyard sectors varied from 0% to 46.7%. By employing both DTH and ELISA together, the positivity of animals in organized and unorganized herds was 19.9% and 8%, respectively.
Conclusion: The results indicate that animals in organized farms are much more prone to paratuberculosis than others. For screening the herd, both DTH and ELISA should be used simultaneously to increase the test sensitivity in order to minimize its further spread adopting control programs.
Authors
Jitendrakumar M. Bhutediya
1,
Premanshu Dandapat
1,
Arijit Chakrabarty
1,
Ratan Das
1,
Pramod Kumar Nanda
1,
Samiran Bandyopadhyay
1,
Tapas Kumar Biswas
1
Affiliations
1 Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Kolkata-700037, West Bengal, IN
1 Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Kolkata-700037, West Bengal, IN
Source
Veterinary World, Vol 10, No 6 (2017), Pagination: 574-579Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence pattern of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, the causative agent of paratuberculosis or Johne’s disease, in unorganized as well as organized cattle herds in West Bengal.Materials and Methods: Four organized cattle farms with identical management practice in Nadia (n=3) and South 24 Parganas (n=1) districts and three unorganized cattle herds, one each from three districts, namely, Burdwan, North 24 Parganas, and Purba Midnapur, were selected randomly and screened for paratuberculosis by delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results: Of 191 animals tested by DTH, 57 (29.8%) were found to be positive in comparison to 72 (37.7%) by ELISA. In organized farms, seropositivity varied from 13.3% to 53.1%, whereas in unorganized sector, it ranged from 5% to 6.7% with one area having exceptionally high prevalence, i.e. 53.3%. The range of positivity detected by DTH both in organized farms and backyard sectors varied from 0% to 46.7%. By employing both DTH and ELISA together, the positivity of animals in organized and unorganized herds was 19.9% and 8%, respectively.
Conclusion: The results indicate that animals in organized farms are much more prone to paratuberculosis than others. For screening the herd, both DTH and ELISA should be used simultaneously to increase the test sensitivity in order to minimize its further spread adopting control programs.
Keywords
Cattle, India, Johne’s Disease, Paratuberculosis, Prevalence, West Bengal.Full Text